Absolute Reference in Excel

Absolute reference in Excel refers to a cell reference that is “locked.” This means that the rows and columns won’t change when copied within a spreadsheet (or sheets).

This does differ from Relative Reference, where a cell is pointed to in Excel, but not locked.

An Absolute Reference works by adding “$” around the row and column. The Shortcut is F4.

Absolute Reference in Excel

=$D$2
Absolute Reference
Absolute Reference Example

Once the cell is locked, you can drag down the autofill handle to complete the following calculations.

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